Internet of Things (IoT)

IoT Overview — Architecture, Protocols, Sensors, and Real-World Applications Explained

Learn IoT architecture layers: device, gateway, cloud, application. Communication protocols, sensor types, actuators, and real-world smart home and industrial IoT examples.

MQTT Protocol — Pub/Sub Architecture with Mosquitto and Python Examples

Learn MQTT protocol: publish/subscribe model, QoS levels 0/1/2, topics, retain messages. Mosquitto broker setup and Python paho-mqtt publish/subscribe examples.

CoAP Protocol — RESTful Communication for Constrained IoT Devices Explained

Learn CoAP protocol for constrained IoT devices: REST-like methods, observe pattern, resource discovery. Python server example and comparison with MQTT.

Arduino Programming — Digital and Analog I/O, Sensors, and Serial Communication Explained

Learn Arduino programming: digital and analog I/O, reading sensors, serial communication. LED blink and temperature sensor projects with wiring and expected output.

ESP32 WiFi and MQTT — Connect Sensors to the Cloud with Arduino IDE

Learn ESP32 programming: connect to WiFi, read a DHT22 sensor, and publish data via MQTT. Complete wiring guide, Arduino IDE setup, and cloud dashboard integration.

Raspberry Pi GPIO Programming — Motion Sensor Camera with Python and Cloud Upload

Learn Raspberry Pi GPIO programming with Python. Read motion sensors, capture camera images, upload to cloud storage. Complete wiring and code example.

IoT Security — Device Authentication, Secure Boot, TLS, and OWASP IoT Top 10 Explained

Learn IoT security fundamentals: device authentication, secure boot, TLS in constrained devices, firmware updates, and OWASP IoT Top 10 vulnerabilities with mitigations.

IoT Cloud Platforms — AWS IoT Core, Azure IoT Hub, Device Shadows, and Fleet Management

Learn IoT cloud platforms: AWS IoT Core, Azure IoT Hub, Google Cloud IoT. Device shadows, rules engines, fleet management, and a device shadow MQTT example.

Industrial IoT — SCADA, PLC Communication, OPC-UA, Modbus, and Digital Twins Explained

Learn Industrial IoT (IIoT): SCADA systems, PLC communication, OPC-UA and Modbus protocols, predictive maintenance, digital twins, safety and reliability.

IoT Protocols Compared — MQTT vs CoAP vs HTTP vs AMQP vs LwM2M

Compare MQTT, CoAP, HTTP, AMQP, and LwM2M for IoT: header size, power consumption, QoS levels, security, and when to use each protocol for sensors, actuators, and gateways.

ESP32 Deep Dive — GPIO, ADC, PWM, I2C, WiFi, BLE, FreeRTOS, and OTA

Master ESP32: GPIO, ADC, PWM, I2C, SPI, WiFi, BLE, deep sleep modes, OTA updates, FreeRTOS tasks, and sensor integration with complete code examples.

Edge Computing Architecture — Fog vs Edge, AWS Greengrass, Azure IoT Edge, ML at Edge

Learn edge computing architecture: fog vs edge computing, AWS Greengrass, Azure IoT Edge, local ML inference, offline operation, data filtering, and the edge gateway pattern.

IoT Security Deep Dive — Secure Boot, TPM, TLS for IoT, OTA Security, and Tamper Protection

Master IoT security: device authentication, secure boot, firmware signing, TPM, secure enclaves, TLS for constrained devices, OTA update security, IoT SAFE, and physical tampering protection.

Digital Twins Explained — Azure Digital Twins, AWS IoT TwinMaker, Asset Modeling, and Predictive Maintenance

Learn digital twins: Azure Digital Twins, AWS IoT TwinMaker, asset modeling with DTDL, real-time synchronization, simulation, predictive maintenance, and industrial use cases.